Unit 1
A Focus
1 Language building
B Tapescript
- see
- walk
- fill
- leave
- air
- chairs
- lights
- bat
- thank
- a
- a 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. b
- a 8. b 9. a
Follow up
- shine
- save
- seat
- shed
- cell
- gas
- a
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
- walk
- burn
- poor
- turn
- four
- sir
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
- g
- hill
- fair
- fall
- hand
- farm
- hat
- a
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
4B
- live
- thirteen
- bin
- feet
- forty
- sit
- a
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
- shares
- hall
- hand
- arm
- at
- sit
- a
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
- wish
- watch
- much
- dish
- a
- b
- c
- d
6B
- rights
- link
- boring
- prank
- tarry
- long
- a
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
- van
- best
- boater
- curve
- dove
- verb
- a
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
- thank
- best
- closing
- mouth
- base
- sat
- a
- b
- c
- d
- e
- f
E
7. chicken
8. orange
9. jacket
10. wan|ted
11. em|ploy|ees
12. per|son|al
13. ma|jor|al
14. tell|phone
15. com|ple|ted
H Follow up
- noun: record
- verb: record
- noun: exports
- noun: exports
- noun: refund
- verb: refund
- verb: present
- noun: present
- verb: contract
- noun: contract
In these words, the noun is stressed on the first syllable and the verb on the second.
2 Test tactic
B
- third (?), tenth (?), and twenty-first (?)
- Greece (?), Turkey (?), and Egypt. (?)
- president (?), the vice president (?), and the senior manager (?)
- food (?), accommodation, and transportation (?)
D - Can I make an announcement(?)?
- Where can you go for big savings (?)?
- Does anyone have any questions (?)?
C Mini-test
Question 1
On Monday, May 7, we will start installing new telephone lines in most of your offi ces.
Unfortunately, the lecture on o|r|iginality will be completed later in the week. This will affect your work. This will affect your work. On Monday, May 7, and Wednesday/Thursday morning, you can use the telephone lines in the main reception area during that time.
Question 2
All right everyone, we’ve come to the end of our tour of the downtown area, and we’re about to enter the public gardens, where we’ll take a short break. There’s a café here, where you can rest (?), get something to drink (?), and look over the schedule for the rest of the day (?). Let me know if you have any questions.
Unit 2
A Focus
1 Language building
B
- Picture 1
- Picture 2
- Picture 3
- Picture 4
- Picture 1
- Picture 2
- Picture 3
- Picture 4
- Picture 1
- Picture 2
- Picture 3
- Picture 4
- Picture 1
- Picture 2
- Picture 3
- Picture 4
Sample answers
Picture 1
There is a woman in the garden painting a picture. The woman is standing on the grass beside the woman.
Picture 2
The boys are sitting on the steps and talking. There is a dog walking between the two boys. One of the boys is holding a skateboard.
Picture 3
The woman on the right is smiling. The women are looking at the dish that the women is bringing. The waiter is giving the woman some food.
Picture 1:
One woman is holding some vegetables.
The woman is buying some vegetables.
The vendor is giving the woman the vegetables she wants to buy.
Picture 2
| Adjective | Color | Adverb |
| :——— | :———– | :———- |
| patterned | red | casually |
| friendly | black and brown | gently |
| young | white | |
| wooden | | |
Picture 3
| Adjective | Color | Adverb |
| :———- | :—– | :——— |
| well-dressed | black | happily |
| expensive | orange | elegantly |
| | | curiously |
Picture 4
| Adjective | Color | Adverb |
| :——– | :—– | :——— |
| straw | yellow | cheerfully |
| organic | white | enthusiastically |
| fresh | green | |
| busy | | |
| friendly | | |
C
- Picture 2: near
- Picture 1: in
- Picture 3: at
- Picture 4: on
- behind
D
- behind / next to
- at
- in
- on
- behind
E
Sample answers
Picture 1
There is a dog on the grass behind the woman.
There is a fence at the edge of the garden.
Picture 2
There’s a boy on the right with a skateboard on his knees.
There’s a bicycle at the bottom of the steps.
Picture 3
There is a flower in a vase next to the saltshaker.
The woman is in a restaurant with her friend.
Picture 4
The vegetables are on a table in front of the vendor.
There are more vegetables in baskets next to the vegetable stand.
G
- quietly
- yellow, pink, orange
- between
- at
- fresh, from
H
Sample answers
Picture 1
The woman has gray hair.
There is a green field on the other side of the fence.
Picture 2
The porch has a white railing.
The boys are sitting in front of a white, wooden house.
Picture 3
The table has a white tablecloth.
There is a vase with beautiful flowers in the middle of the table.
Picture 5
The picture shows the kitchen of a restaurant. There are two chefs in the kitchen. The chef in the foreground is standing in front of a stove. He is frying some vegetables.
Picture 6
The picture shows a men’s clothing store. There is a female sales assistant and a man. The sales assistant is helping the man buy a tie.
E
- f 2. c 3. g 4. b 5. a 6. d 7. e
F - standing up
- In the background
- in the white shirt
- At the left of the picture
- in the foreground / at the bottom left of the picture
- In the foreground / At the bottom right of the picture
G
Sample answers
There are lots of people in the park.
There are modern buildings / skyscrapers in the background.
The tree at the left of the picture has red flowers.
There are people walking along the path in the middle of the picture.
Follow up
Tapescript
This picture shows a park. We can see lots of people walking in the park, some trees and the city in the background. There are some people walking along the path in the middle of the picture. Other people are on the grass looking at the trees. The tree at the left of the picture has red flowers. It might be spring because the trees are in bloom. The buildings in the background are modern skyscrapers.
B Tactic practice
Picture 1
Brainstorm
sneakers, sportswear, shop, sales assistant, kneel, try on, purple tracksuit, shoe boxes
Plan introductory sentences
The picture shows a sports shop. A sales assistant is kneeling on the floor and a man wearing a purple tracksuit is trying on sneakers. The sales assistant is taking the sneakers out of the shoebox.
Say your introductory sentences, add details
The man on the left is wearing a purple tracksuit and is trying on some sneakers.
The woman on the right is a sales assistant. She is kneeling down and getting the sneakers ready for the man to try on. She is taking the sneakers out of the box. There are boxes of shoes in the background.
Picture 2
Brainstorm
park, children, picnic, snacks, paper cups, eat, share, cook, trees, hotdogs, mustard
Plan introductory sentences
The picture shows a park. There is a group of children having a picnic. A man in a chef’s hat is serving food to the children.
Say your introductory sentences, add details
The children are eating hotdogs. The boy on the left has blond hair and he’s smiling. The girl in the middle is taking some food from the other girl’s plate. In the background, there are trees and some people walking through the park. There is a man wearing a chef’s hat. He is cooking food and serving the children. There is a jar of mustard on the table in the foreground. It’s a very sunny day.
Picture 3
Brainstorm
grocery store, woman, baby, sales assistant, oranges, point, hold, vegetables, shopping basket
Plan introductory sentences
The picture shows a grocery store. We can see a woman carrying her baby. She’s holding a shopping basket and is talking to the sales assistant.
Say your introductory sentences, add details
The man is standing next to the vegetables. He has some oranges in his hand. The baby is pointing at the oranges. The woman is holding a red shopping basket in one hand, and she is carrying the baby in the other arm. The woman is smiling and talking to the sales assistant. The sales assistant is friendly.
Picture 4
Brainstorm
passengers, plane, flight attendant, cart, food, snacks, uniform, sit, travel, read, friendly, helpful, relaxed, serve
Plan introductory sentences
The picture shows passengers on a plane. A flight attendant is serving food to the passengers. The passengers are sitting in their seats.
Say your introductory sentences, add details
The flight attendant is pushing a cart at the right of the picture. The helpful flight attendant is serving food to a passenger. She is wearing a smart uniform. In the bottom left of the picture, the man is about to eat his food. The woman next to him is enjoying her food. Her dark jacket is on her left, hanging near the window.
Using natural English
People are shopping at a street market.
The two women are next to the table.
The boys are sitting on the step.
Explanation: The “a” sound in “are” is often reduced to sound more like “er”, and this is joined to the preceding word, e.g. “peopler”, “womener”, “boyzer”.
C Mini-test
Sample answer
The picture shows a lot of people on a train. The car is crowded, and the passengers look bored. The woman at the front on the left is wearing a striped T-shirt, and she has two bags on her lap. There is a boy wearing a yellow and gray striped T-shirt and shorts. He is sitting on his mother’s knee. There is a man sitting next to them on the other side of the aisle. He is wearing sunglasses and black clothes. In the middle of the picture, a man is leaning against the pole. He has a newspaper in his back pocket. In the background, we can see more passengers.
Unit 3
A Focus
1 Language building
A - d 2. e 3. a 4. b 5. c
B
Question 2: what, why
Question 3: what kind, where
Question 5: what, why
Answer “a” doesn’t answer the where question in 3.
You have to say as much as possible in the time allowed to show how much English you know.
C
Students’ own answers
D - d 2. g 3. f 4. a 5. c 6. b, e
E
Students’ own answers
F
Tapescript - I have been living there for about seven years.
- I usually go to the movies about once a month.
- I came here by subway and by bus.
- I spend about 10 to 12 hours a week watching TV.
- In my country, people usually go to the government employment office.
- We met in high school more than ten years ago.
G - How long: time, present
Extra information: where your home is, what kind of house it is, where it is located - How often: quantity, present
Extra information: what sort of movies you like, when you last went to the movies - How: method, past
Extra information: why you used that means of transportation, why it is convenient - How many: quantity, present
Extra information: what TV programs you usually watch, which programs you don’t like, what you do when you are not watching TV - How: method, present
Extra information: what jobs are popular for people your age, what the main difficulties are in finding a job - How: method, past
Extra information: who your best friend is, what you like about the person, what kind of things you do together
H
Students’ own answers
2 Test tactic
A
Sample answers - The most expensive thing I have ever bought is a cell phone.
- To clean my room, it usually takes me a couple of hours.
- The best book I have ever read is The Da Vinci Code. It’s a mystery story and it’s really exciting.
- I usually get my hair cut at my local hairdresser’s, usually on a Saturday.
- I use computers every day in my job.
- The animal that makes the best pet is the dog because dogs are friendly and dependable.
B
Extra details a, c, and d are appropriate.
C - Likes and dislikes about cleaning your room, how often you clean it, who does it if you don’t do it
- Information about the book (e.g. author, summary of story), other books the author has written
- How much it costs, what type of haircut you usually have
- What you use a computer for (e.g. work, sending e-mails, surfing the Internet)
- Other advantages of your preferred pet, comparison to other pets
Follow up
Tapescript
I use a computer every day in my job. In the morning, I usually check my e-mail and send replies. I also use the computer for word processing, for example, when I have to write a report. I also have a computer at home and often surf the web. I use the Internet for shopping, reading the newspaper, and finding out facts.
This answers question 5.
B Tactic practice
A
Sample answers - I generally prefer eating at home because it is cheaper. I love cooking and I always help prepare dinner. I eat dinner with my family, and we usually eat around 8:00. Sometimes we go out to eat for a celebration: for example, when someone in my family has a birthday.
- One of the most popular “fast foods” in Japan is called Takoyaki. It is made with small balls of flour with little pieces of octopus inside, and it’s covered in a delicious sauce. You can eat it in restaurants, but it is also commonly sold at snack stands outside train stations or at festivals. I love it.
- The thing that I like about my home is that it is near stores. I can go shopping on the way home, so it is very convenient. I also like my home because I have lived there all my life. The neighborhood feels very comfortable because I know all the neighbors.
- The room that I like best in my home is my own bedroom. It’s a place where I can be alone and relax. I love listening to music or reading there. I also like the kitchen. It’s always warm there, and I love cooking, so I enjoy helping to prepare dinner.
- In the area where I live, there are a lot of entertainment facilities such as a cinema, restaurants, pubs, and a bowling alley. I sometimes go to the cinema, but it is quite small, and the films are always old. But I often go to the bowling alley and get together with my friends.
- My favorite form of entertainment is listening to classical music. I like it because it helps me to relax. I go to concerts about once a month, and I have a very big CD collection. My favorite composer is Beethoven, but I am interested in any kind of classical music. Unfortunately, I can’t play any musical instruments.
Using natural English
I usually go to my bedroom.
I’d like to go to the Boston Grill.
For my vacations I like to go to Hawaii.
Explanation: The “to” sound changes to sound more like “ta” and is joined to the “go” to sound more like “gota”.
C Mini-test
Sample answers
Question 4
My favorite way to spend a vacation is at the beach. I love swimming in the sea and sunbathing. I like visiting places like Hawaii, where there are lots of beautiful beaches. One day I want to try windsurfing.
Question 5
On my last vacation I went to Europe. I spent ten days traveling around all the big European cities. It was very tiring, but it was great. The best thing on the trip was climbing up the Eiffel Tower.
Question 6
A good way for a family to spend a vacation is in a cabin in the mountains. Staying in the mountains is more relaxing and cool in the summer. My family and I go to the mountains every summer.
Unit 4
A Focus
Language building
- c, e 2. a, f 3. b, d
- d 2. c 3. b 4. a
Sample answers
- When will the meeting end?
- How long will the show last?
- Will they vote on the proposal?
- Where and when is the event?
- Could I have a taxi from the station at 11:15?
- c 2. a 3. e 4. b 5. d
Tapescript
- Would you be able to tell me when the meeting is likely to end?
c. Looking at the agenda, it shows the meeting starts at midday and lasts for two hours, so I guess it should be finished by two o’clock in the afternoon at the latest. - Do you mind if I ask how long the show will last?
a. Let me see now …. It starts at 7:30 p.m. and finishes at 10:00 p.m, so that makes it two and a half hours. - As I understood from Stephen’s e-mail, they were planning on voting on the proposal. Is that still going ahead?
e. I’m sorry, but we won’t be voting on the proposal as planned, as it isn’t ready yet. - Can you tell me the location of the event and what time it starts?
b. Let me just check the agenda …. The event is taking place at the National Theater, and it starts at 7:30 p.m. - I heard that the train arrives in Barton at 11:00 a.m. Would it be possible to have a taxi waiting there to pick us up at 11:15?
d. I’m really sorry, but I’m afraid you’ll have to get from the station to the hotel on your own. It isn’t very far. - a. midday
b. two o’clock in the afternoon
c. seven thirty p.m.
d. eleven a.m.
e. eleven fifteen - a. twelve noon
b. two p.m.
c. half past seven in the evening
d. eleven o’clock in the morning
e. a quarter after eleven - a. as hesitation
b. c. to refer to a document
d. e. to apologize, give bad news
F - b 2. a 3. c
Follow up
Tapescript - Could you tell me what time the meeting starts and how long it will last?
b. Let me just check the agenda …. It starts at 2:00 p.m and is due to finish at 5:00 p.m. - OK, first, I need to know their arrival time, and the flight number.
a. Yes, certainly. I’ll just have a look for you. They will arrive at 3:20 in the afternoon on flight PA 638. - Could you let me know the admission price and where the tickets are being sold?
c. Of course. Let me see now…. The price for an adult is US$20. You can buy them at the ticket office or online.
G - c 2. a 3. d 4. b
H
Tapescript - Good Afternoon. My name is Randall Howard, and I am planning to attend the Portland Investment Seminar tomorrow. Do you think you could tell me what time to arrive and where I should go when I get there?
- I’ve paid in advance for the seminar. Lunch is included in the price, isn’t it?
- I’ve heard that Peter Mendel is a great presenter. Will I be able to see him tomorrow?
Sample answers - Yes, certainly. I’ll just have a look for you. It starts at 10:00 a.m., but we’re meeting at 9:30 a.m. in the Main Hall.
- Let me see. No, I’m afraid lunch isn’t included.
- I’m really sorry, but Peter Mendel’s talk has been canceled due to ill health.
2 Test tactic
A
The agenda is about the topic in 1: a schedule for some visitors.
B - c 2. a 3. b
C
Question 2 relates to the information in the note.
D - What time are they thinking of having lunch? (1:00 p.m.)
According to the agenda, lunch is scheduled for one o’clock. - Do you have any idea who is going to give the overview of the ad campaign? (Mark Cohen)
Let me see …. The agenda says that Mark Cohen will do the overview of the new advertising campaign. - What time have they scheduled dinner for and where are we going? (7:30 p.m., King’s Restaurant)
Dinner is planned at the King’s Restaurant, and is scheduled for 7:30 in the evening.
E
Tapescript - Would you happen to know the flight number and what time it is supposed to come in?
- Where were they planning on holding the Welcome party and what time is it supposed to start?
- I wonder if you could tell me the time of the train to Brighton.
- Do you know how we are getting to the hotel once we get to Brighton?
- What time are we catching the taxi to the PRJ offices?
- What time is Jim supposed to give everyone the tour of the studios?
Sample answers - Yes, let me see …. The flight number is CA 132, and it gets in at 7:45 in the morning.
- I’ll just check the agenda …. The Welcome party is in the executive lounge, and it starts at half past twelve.
- Looking at the agenda, it says that the train to Brighton leaves at quarter past nine.
- Let me see …. According to the agenda, it says that there will be a taxi to take you to the hotel from the station.
- The agenda says that you are taking a taxi to the PRJ offices at twelve o’clock midday.
- On the agenda it says that Jim Paton is giving a tour of the studios from two o’clock to three thirty.
F - Mark told me that the Malaysian visitors are coming in on a flight from Bangkok. Is that correct?
(No) No, actually, the Malaysian visitors are on a flight from Kuala Lumpur. - I understand that we are going to catch the shuttle bus down to Brighton. Can you confirm this?
(No) No, in fact, you are taking the train to Brighton. You will be travelling first class. - Did you manage to get reservations for them at the Grand Hotel? It has always been popular with our visitors.
(No) I’m terribly sorry, but I’m afraid the Grand Hotel was fully booked. So I made reservations at the Avon Hotel instead.
G
Tapescript - I just wanted to confirm that food for the Welcome party should be delivered to the cafeteria. That’s where it will be held, right?
- Will Doug be giving the tour of the studios this time? He did a great job when the Australian team came over.
- I would really like to attend Mr. Cohen’s presentation of the new campaign, but won’t be able to make it to the office until about 5:00. Will I still catch him?
- I just want to remind you that we got a request for special meals for our guests. I know the King’s Menu is fine, but Alex hasn’t forgotten to arrange something for lunch, has she?
- Can I just check some of the details for dinner? We are going to take them out to eat immediately after Mark’s Overview presentation, aren’t we?
- Hi, I’m afraid that I have misplaced my agenda. Just to confirm, I am meeting you tonight for dinner at 5:30 at English’s Restaurant, yes?
Sample answers - No, actually the Welcome party will be held in the executive lounge. You should deliver the food there, not the cafeteria.
- Well, actually, according to the agenda, it says that Jim Paton will be giving the tour of the Design studios this year.
- I’m afraid that Mr. Cohen’s presentation is scheduled to finish at around 5:30. You may be able to talk to him at the end, but I think you’ll miss most of the presentation.
- Well, according to the agenda, there is a note to say that a special menu has been arranged, so I guess Alex must have done it.
- No, actually. The agenda says that the delegates will go back to the hotel after the overview presentation, and the dinner is scheduled for two hours after that.
- I’m afraid that is not correct. According to the agenda we are having dinner at the King’s restaurant, at half past seven.
B Tactic practice
Tapescript
Task A
Question 1
Hello, I’m calling about the Green Valley Tours advertisement I saw in this week’s Business News. I’d like to make a reservation for June 24, if that’s possible. Could you tell me the price of the mini-bus tour?
Question 2
Does that price cover everything? Is the picnic lunch included?
Task B
Question 1
Hello. This is Roger Wallis from United Press. Is that Mr. Hillsborough’s office? I was hoping to get some information about Mr. Hillsborough’s schedule for the Crystal Dreams Promotional Tour. What time will the Question and Answer session at the Sanchez start and how long will it last?
Question 2
I heard that the movie itself doesn’t start until 7:30 p.m. Would it be possible to do a private interview with Mr. Hillsborough at 6:30?
Task C
Question 1
Hello, I wonder if you could help me. My name is Katherine Perkins, and I’m supposed to be attending the orientation seminar at Allwright on Thursday. There are a couple of things that I would like to clarify. Where is the orientation being held, and what time do I need to be there?
Question 2
I know that the training takes the whole day – I was told that the company had a cafeteria, so will I be able to get something to eat there?
Sample answers
Task A
Question 1
Yes, certainly. Let me just see. Yes, we still have places on the Green Valley tour for June 24. The mini-bus tours are $125 per person.
Question 2
I’m very sorry, but I’m afraid that the picnic lunch is not included in the price. You would have to pay an extra $25 for it.
Task B
Question 1
Just a moment, please, Mr. Wallis. Let me check Mr. Hillsborough’s schedule. Yes, it says that the Question and Answer session starts at 5:30 p.m. and lasts for half an hour. It’s at the Sanchez restaurant, and there is a photo shoot as well.
Question 2
I’m very sorry, but I’m afraid that won’t be possible. Mr. Hillsborough doesn’t arrive at the theater until 6:45, and then he has to meet the fans. It’s impossible to schedule an interview at 6:30.
Task C
Question 1
OK, just a moment. Let me check the agenda. Yes, the orientation seminar is being held at our Central Office. That is on Lakeview Road. The day begins at 10:00 a.m., and first there will be a welcome by Max Miller, so please make sure you’re in your seat by ten o’clock.
Question 2
Unfortunately, our cafeteria is being renovated, so there won’t be food available. But trainees are free to use the lunch hour as they like, so you can go out and find something to eat. There are lots of lunch places nearby.